The bypass valve is an essential component in lithium bromide absorption chillers, designed to regulate fluid flow and ensure safe, stable, and efficient operation of the system. Its main function is to manage fluid circulation by redirecting flow as needed. Here’s a closer look at its key roles:

First, the bypass valve helps maintain system stability during load changes. When the chiller is operating at partial load or when fluid demand fluctuates, the bypass valve redirects part of the cooling water, refrigerant, or LiBr solution. This adjustment prevents issues like uneven flow or overpressure, keeping the system running smoothly and avoiding disruptions.

Second, the bypass valve provides critical protection in abnormal conditions. For example, if cooling water becomes too cold, it could cause lithium bromide solution to crystallize. The bypass valve can divert some cooling water to balance the temperature and prevent this issue. Similarly, if system pressure rises too high, the valve quickly opens to relieve excess pressure by redirecting some fluid, protecting the equipment from damage.

Third, the bypass valve improves energy efficiency. During partial load operation, it reduces unnecessary fluid circulation, lowering energy consumption. For example, in the refrigerant cycle, the bypass valve adjusts how refrigerant enters the evaporator, ensuring consistent temperature and pressure for optimal cooling performance.

Lastly, the bypass valve ensures smooth startup and shutdown. During startup, it creates a temporary pathway for faster fluid circulation, helping the system reach stable operation more quickly. When shutting down, it allows a minimal flow of fluid to prevent stagnation, which could otherwise lead to crystallization or corrosion.

In summary, the bypass valve is a vital control device in LiBr absorption units. By managing fluid flow effectively, it ensures stable operation, protects critical components, and enhances overall efficiency, making it indispensable for reliable and long-lasting system performance.